writeonce/docs/examples/web-app/main.wo

-- web-app — the storefront: writeonce-serve (via [deps]) + @table
-- persistence. Every handler is a class satisfying Handler; the auth gate is
-- a Middleware; the data layer is the language's own database — no ORM, no
-- separate process, one binary.
use env
use json
use net
use time
use serve
use serve/http
use serve/router

-- decode target for POST /products, encode shape for every product answer
typedef ProductView = { name: Text, price: Float, stock: Int }
typedef NewOrder    = { product: Text, qty: Int }

fn view_json(name: Text, price: Float, stock: Int) -> Text {
  return json.encode(ProductView { name: name, price: price, stock: stock });
}

class ListProducts {
  fn handle(req: Req) -> Resp {
    let body = "[";
    let first = true;
    for p in from x in Product order by x.name select x {
      if first == false { body = body .. ","; }
      first = false;
      body = body .. view_json(p.name, p.price, p.stock);
    }
    return ok_json(body .. "]");
  }
}

class ShowProduct {
  fn handle(req: Req) -> Resp {
    let name = req.params["name"];
    if name == nil { return bad_request("no name"); }
    let hits = from p in Product where p.name == name take 1 select p;
    if len(hits) == 0 { return not_found(); }
    let p = hits[0];
    return ok_json(view_json(p.name, p.price, p.stock));
  }
}

-- Accepts THREE bodies: multipart/form-data (curl -F), a form post
-- (application/x-www-form-urlencoded), and JSON — same insert either way.
fn create_product(name: Text, price: Float, stock: Int) -> Resp {
  let made = try insert Product { name: name, price: price, stock: stock }
             catch (e) nil;
  if made == nil { return conflict("product name already exists"); }
  return created_json(view_json(name, price, stock));
}

class CreateProduct {
  fn handle(req: Req) -> Resp {
    if media_type(req) == "multipart/form-data" {
      let ps = multipart_parts(req);
      if ps == nil { return bad_request("unreadable multipart body"); }
      let name = part_named(ps, "name");
      if name == nil { return bad_request("multipart needs name, price, stock"); }
      let pstr = part_named(ps, "price");
      if pstr == nil { return bad_request("multipart needs name, price, stock"); }
      let sstr = part_named(ps, "stock");
      if sstr == nil { return bad_request("multipart needs name, price, stock"); }
      -- parse_float answers NaN for unparseable input rather than a ?Float:
      -- "not a number" is already a Float value, and NaN != NaN is the test
      let price = parse_float(pstr);
      if price != price { return bad_request("price must be a number"); }
      let stock = parse_int(sstr);
      if stock == nil { return bad_request("stock must be a number"); }
      return create_product(name, price, stock);
    }
    if media_type(req) == "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" {
      let f = form_values(req);
      if f == nil { return bad_request("unreadable form body"); }
      let name = f["name"];
      if name == nil { return bad_request("form needs name, price, stock"); }
      let ps = f["price"];
      if ps == nil { return bad_request("form needs name, price, stock"); }
      let ss = f["stock"];
      if ss == nil { return bad_request("form needs name, price, stock"); }
      let price = parse_float(ps);
      if price != price { return bad_request("price must be a number"); }
      let stock = parse_int(ss);
      if stock == nil { return bad_request("stock must be a number"); }
      return create_product(name, price, stock);
    }
    let v = json.decode(req.body) as ProductView;
    if v == nil { return bad_request("body must be {name, price, stock}"); }
    return create_product(v.name, v.price, v.stock);
  }
}

class CreateOrder {
  fn handle(req: Req) -> Resp {
    let v = json.decode(req.body) as NewOrder;
    if v == nil { return bad_request("body must be {product, qty}"); }
    if v.qty < 1 { return bad_request("qty must be positive"); }
    let hits = from p in Product where p.name == v.product take 1 select p;
    if len(hits) == 0 { return not_found(); }
    insert Order { product: hits[0], qty: v.qty };
    return created_json("{\"ok\":true}");
  }
}

class DeleteProduct {
  fn handle(req: Req) -> Resp {
    let name = req.params["name"];
    if name == nil { return bad_request("no name"); }
    let hits = from p in Product where p.name == name take 1 select p;
    if len(hits) == 0 { return not_found(); }
    let gone = try delete hits[0] catch (e) nil;
    if gone == nil { return conflict("orders still reference this product"); }
    return ok_json("{\"deleted\":true}");
  }
}

-- ---- iteration 35, the serving slice: fiber-per-connection ------------
-- The app owns the accept loop and spawns ONE ConnWorker actor per
-- accepted connection (spawn takes a class literal, so this ten-line
-- pattern lives app-side by doctrine). Each worker builds its OWN App —
-- route tables are small, and per-shard placement means no shared state
-- crosses heaps — then runs the framework's keep-alive loop with
-- deadlines. Concurrency: a slow request no longer blocks the next one;
-- a stalled client is evicted at the read deadline; an idle keep-alive
-- connection parks (blocking nobody) until the idle deadline.

class Conn {
  fd: net.Conn
}

class ConnWorker {
  token:   Text
  read_ms: Int
  idle_ms: Int
  fn receive(msg: Conn) {
    let app = build_app(self.token);
    app.handle_conn(msg.fd, self.read_ms, self.idle_ms);
  }
}

-- a deliberately slow route: the concurrency proof's workload
class Slow {
  fn handle(req: Req) -> Resp {
    time.sleep(400);
    return ok_text("slow done");
  }
}

-- ---- framework v1 slice 2: the storefront exercises the new surface ----

-- wildcard capture: GET /files/*path echoes the rest
class EchoPath {
  fn handle(req: Req) -> Resp {
    let p = req.params["path"];
    if p == nil { return ok_text("path="); }
    return ok_text("path=${p}");
  }
}

-- group middleware writes the request-scoped ctx bag; the handler reads it
class StampCtx {
  fn before(mut req: Req) -> ?Resp {
    req.ctx["via"] = "api-group";
    return nil;
  }
}

class ApiPing {
  fn handle(req: Req) -> Resp {
    let via = req.ctx["via"];
    if via == nil { return ok_text("pong via="); }
    return ok_text("pong via=${via}");
  }
}

-- ETag + conditional: same body = same tag; If-None-Match collapses to 304
class EtagProbe {
  fn handle(req: Req) -> Resp {
    return with_etag(req, ok_json("{\"v\":1}"));
  }
}

-- response-side negotiation: JSON or nothing
class NegoProbe {
  fn handle(req: Req) -> Resp {
    if accepts(req, "application/json") == false {
      let h: map<Text, Text> = {};
      h["content-type"] = "application/json";
      return Resp { status: 406, headers: h, body: "{\"error\":\"json only\"}" };
    }
    return ok_json("{\"ok\":true}");
  }
}

fn main(args: multi Text) -> Int {
  if len(args) < 1 {
    print_err("usage: web-app <port>   (WA_TOKEN and WO_DATA must be set)");
    return 2;
  }
  let port = parse_int(args[0]);
  if port == nil {
    print_err("web-app: <port> must be a number");
    return 2;
  }
  let token = env.get("WA_TOKEN");
  if token == nil {
    print_err("web-app: WA_TOKEN is required (the auth middleware's bearer token)");
    return 2;
  }

  -- iteration 35: the app-owned accept loop. accept_dl's tick keeps the
  -- stop flag honored within 250ms; each accepted fd moves into its own
  -- ConnWorker actor (placed round-robin across shards — DB access from
  -- any shard rides the transparent DB actor).
  let read_ms = 5000;
  let idle_ms = 5000;
  let ie = env.get("WA_IDLE_MS");
  if ie != nil {
    let iv = parse_int(ie);
    if iv != nil { idle_ms = iv; read_ms = iv; }
  }
  let srv = net.listen("127.0.0.1", port);
  print("listening on 127.0.0.1:${port}");
  while true {
    if env.stopping() { net.close(srv); return 0; }
    let c = net.accept_dl(srv, 250);
    if c != nil {
      let w: actor Conn = spawn ConnWorker { token: "${token}", read_ms: read_ms, idle_ms: idle_ms };
      send(w, Conn { fd: c });
    }
  }
}

-- Every worker's own App: registration is idempotent code, and per-worker
-- construction is what lets connections live on ANY shard without shared
-- state (route tables are small; measured before optimized, per doctrine).
fn build_app(token: Text) -> App {
  let app = App { middleware: [], routes: [] };
  -- v1 slice 2: host gate first (421 before anything runs), CORS preflight
  -- next, then the framework's Bearer mechanism (constant-time compare,
  -- principal attached to req.principal for handlers that want "who")
  app.use_mw(Mw { m: HostAllow { host: "a" } });
  app.use_mw(Mw { m: Cors { allow_origin: "*" } });
  app.use_mw(Mw { m: BearerAuth { token: "${token}", principal: "api" } });
  -- the response half: security headers + the CORS origin stamp on every
  -- response that leaves dispatch (404/405/401 included)
  app.use_after(Aw { a: SecurityHeaders {} });
  app.use_after(Aw { a: Cors { allow_origin: "*" } });
  app.get("/products",             ListProducts {});
  app.get("/products/:name",       ShowProduct {});
  app.post("/products",            CreateProduct {});
  app.post("/orders",              CreateOrder {});
  app.delete_("/products/:name",   DeleteProduct {});
  app.get("/files/*path",          EchoPath {});
  app.get("/etag-probe",           EtagProbe {});
  app.get("/nego",                 NegoProbe {});
  app.get("/slow",                 Slow {});
  let g = Group { prefix: "/api" };
  g.use_mw(Mw { m: StampCtx {} });
  g.get("/ping", ApiPing {});
  app.mount(g);
  return app;
}