The spec's §8 migration table, applied:
- 00-principles.md P3: "@gc is a per-class opt-in, reference-counted" ->
GC-ness is inferred; incremental per-shard mark-sweep in budgeted slices;
still no global pause by construction.
- OOP spec: decision-table GC row -> inferred (hybrid rule named); §3 rule 5
-> traced classes alias freely, which classes is inferred; §4 memory model
-> the RC + Bacon-Rajan paragraph replaced by tracing (snapshot roots,
Yuasa barrier, born-black, budgeted slices); header rc comment -> union'd
sweep link; mixing rule restated for tracing.
- 00-wob-format.md: header says version 4; opcodes 27-28 -> reserved (loader
rejects); the owned-temporary rule's @gc exclusion restated for tracing.
- 08-builtin-surface.md: the push RC_INC special case and the set(m,k,v)
retention gap DELETED — neither exists without RC; the corpus cycle is
collected by tracing.
- story 07b: status -> LANDED 2026-08-18 (with the historical note kept);
board: 7b row ✅ (supersedes iteration 2's RC memory model), pending row
removed.
- gc-cycle README: Phase 3 flipped to landed (the ring runs, is reclaimed,
ASan-clean; the ?Node RC_DEC-on-nil trap no longer exists); the barrier
prose corrected to the as-built design (snapshot-at-beginning + deletion
barrier + born-black, not per-slice root re-reads).
- plan 2026-08-18: all checkboxes ticked + a completion banner recording the
four deviations from the plan as written.
(Error catalog was already amended with the keyword-removal commit: WO-E104
added, WO-W201 retired.)
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
139 lines
7.2 KiB
Markdown
139 lines
7.2 KiB
Markdown
# The writeonce principles
|
||
|
||
The doctrine in one page. Every design argument in this repo eventually
|
||
lands on one of these thirteen; later documents link here instead of
|
||
re-arguing them. Each principle: what it is, why it holds, where it is
|
||
enforced.
|
||
|
||
## 1. One binary is the whole system
|
||
|
||
The application, the database, the API, and (later) the UI ship as a single
|
||
deployable — there is nothing else to install, operate, or version-skew.
|
||
*Why:* the assembled-stack tax (app + DB server + proxy + glue) is the
|
||
problem writeonce exists to delete.
|
||
*Enforced by:* [`01-problem.md`](01-problem.md), the single-binary story in
|
||
[the OOP spec](superpowers/specs/2026-08-01-oop-compiler-vm-design.md).
|
||
|
||
## 2. Zero dependencies — kernel primitives only
|
||
|
||
The runtime is C on libc; the compiler is OCaml on its stdlib; everything
|
||
else is epoll/io_uring, inotify, eventfd, signalfd, sendfile, mmap. The
|
||
kernel is the framework.
|
||
*Why:* every dependency is a supply chain, an upgrade treadmill, and a
|
||
black box in the one binary that must be understood end to end.
|
||
*Enforced by:* [the kernel-primitives catalogue](plan/exploration/linux/00-linux.md),
|
||
the dependency doctrine in [the OOP spec](superpowers/specs/2026-08-01-oop-compiler-vm-design.md).
|
||
|
||
## 3. Memory safety without a GC tax
|
||
|
||
Objects are owned values: one owner, moves on assignment, second-class
|
||
borrows checked mostly at compile time (mutable value semantics — the
|
||
Rust-borrow shape without lifetime inference). GC-ness is **inferred** by
|
||
the compiler (iteration 7b): a class in a reference cycle, or one whose
|
||
values must escape as long-lived aliases, is traced by an incremental
|
||
per-shard tri-color mark-sweep collector in budgeted slices — the developer
|
||
writes no memory annotation, and no global pause exists by construction.
|
||
*Why:* deterministic memory for the default case, aliasing freedom where
|
||
the design wants it, and never a stop-the-world in a runtime that is also
|
||
the database.
|
||
*Enforced by:* [the OOP spec §4](superpowers/specs/2026-08-01-oop-compiler-vm-design.md).
|
||
|
||
## 4. No inheritance, ever
|
||
|
||
No `extends`, no `override`, no virtual hierarchies. Is-a is a tagged
|
||
union; has-a is composition; polymorphism is structural interfaces.
|
||
*Why:* hierarchies fossilize early guesses and make dispatch, ownership,
|
||
and diagnostics all harder; composition keeps every unit flat and movable.
|
||
*Enforced by:* [the OOP spec](superpowers/specs/2026-08-01-oop-compiler-vm-design.md),
|
||
the reject rows of [the systems-track verdict table](superpowers/specs/2026-08-01-systems-track-design.md).
|
||
|
||
## 5. Thread-per-core shards; ownership moves, data never shares
|
||
|
||
One pinned worker per core, each owning its engine, heap, and event loop.
|
||
Cross-shard work is a message send that moves ownership. There is no
|
||
`Arc<Mutex<…>>` anywhere and never will be.
|
||
*Why:* sharing mutable state buys contention, locks, and heisenbugs;
|
||
moving ownership buys linear scaling and per-shard GC.
|
||
*Enforced by:* [plan 09](plan/09-concurrency-scaleout.md) (shipped on the
|
||
Rust runtime), [the shard-actor plan](superpowers/plans/2026-08-01-shard-actor-vm-runtime.md).
|
||
|
||
## 6. The runtime never stops
|
||
|
||
The executable is a systemd service that deploys without restarting: two
|
||
VM slots (Blue/Green), in-runtime compile of an approved proposal, atomic
|
||
dispatch switch, previous version resident for instant rollback — and the
|
||
binary embeds its own source, so prod is always self-describing.
|
||
*Why:* restarts drop connections, dump caches, and turn deploys into
|
||
events; a database that is also the app must not blink.
|
||
*Enforced by:* [the blue-green spec](superpowers/specs/2026-08-03-blue-green-vm-design.md).
|
||
|
||
## 7. RAM is authoritative; the WAL makes it durable
|
||
|
||
All reads serve from memory. Every mutation is WAL-logged and fsynced
|
||
before acknowledgment; boot replays the log. Mirrors (Postgres) are
|
||
reconstructible backups that reads and acks never depend on.
|
||
*Why:* one source of truth with predictable latency; durability is a
|
||
sequential append, not a storage engine bolted to the side.
|
||
*Enforced by:* [plan 11](plan/11-wal-and-recovery.md),
|
||
[plan 16](plan/16-postgres-mirror.md) (mirror-is-backup doctrine).
|
||
|
||
## 8. Samples force the grammar
|
||
|
||
Language features exist when a sample program exercises them; the examples
|
||
directory is the de facto integration suite, and new surface is proven by
|
||
re-expressing real workloads (blog, ecommerce, pricing, log-watcher).
|
||
*Why:* grammars designed in the abstract grow features nobody needs and
|
||
miss the ones real programs demand.
|
||
*Enforced by:* [the blog sample](examples/blog/README.md),
|
||
the sample-workload acceptance in [the systems-track spec](superpowers/specs/2026-08-01-systems-track-design.md).
|
||
|
||
## 9. Linux is the target
|
||
|
||
Not POSIX, not portable-someday: Linux syscalls, Linux fd semantics,
|
||
systemd as the process manager. Portability abstractions are refused.
|
||
*Why:* targeting one kernel lets the runtime use its sharpest primitives
|
||
directly instead of the lowest common denominator.
|
||
*Enforced by:* [the kernel-primitives catalogue](plan/exploration/linux/00-linux.md).
|
||
|
||
## 10. Capabilities are typed builtins — no FFI
|
||
|
||
Programs reach the system only through audited stdlib builtins (`fs`,
|
||
`proc`, `net`, `time`, `json`): bounded reads, args-array-only process
|
||
runs, handles that close on drop. There is no `extern`, no escape hatch.
|
||
*Why:* one FFI hole voids the entire memory-safety and security story;
|
||
typed capabilities make the safe path the only path.
|
||
*Enforced by:* [the systems-track spec Parts 2–3](superpowers/specs/2026-08-01-systems-track-design.md).
|
||
|
||
## 11. Plain diagnostics are the product
|
||
|
||
Stable `WO-E###` codes, `file:line:col`, source excerpts, ownership errors
|
||
naming both sites, many errors per run.
|
||
*Why:* mutable value semantics only beats Rust ergonomics if the errors
|
||
read like sentences; the compiler's error text is a first-class feature.
|
||
*Enforced by:* [the OOP spec §6](superpowers/specs/2026-08-01-oop-compiler-vm-design.md),
|
||
[the compiler architecture doctrine](plan/compiler/architecture.md).
|
||
|
||
## 12. The runtime is a recipe box
|
||
|
||
Transports, fibers, routing, subscriptions, the DB engine, deploy
|
||
machinery — each stays a separable capability. A web framework or a custom
|
||
database experience is a `.wo` library composing them; the runtime itself
|
||
stays framework-agnostic.
|
||
*Why:* the next stories (web framework, richer database surfaces) must be
|
||
buildable *on* the runtime without forking it.
|
||
*Enforced by:* [the blue-green vision §2](plan/exploration/blue-green-vm/00-vision.md).
|
||
|
||
## 13. Statically typed, all the way to the register
|
||
|
||
Every slot's type is known at compile time: no `Dynamic`, no `untyped`, no
|
||
`cast`, no runtime reflection. The VM runs untagged 64-bit registers
|
||
because the compiler already knows; JSON enters through checked decodes
|
||
(`as T` yielding `?T`), never through dynamic objects.
|
||
*Why:* the type system is the foundation the untagged VM, the borrow
|
||
checker, and the annotation ORM (`@table` classes, `ref`/`multi`
|
||
relations) all stand on — one dynamic hole collapses all three. The Haxe
|
||
reference workload shows the alternative: its transcompiled C++ pays a
|
||
hashed `__Field` lookup on every typedef access.
|
||
*Enforced by:* the `Dynamic`/`untyped`/`cast` reject rows of
|
||
[the systems-track verdict table](superpowers/specs/2026-08-01-systems-track-design.md),
|
||
untagged registers in [the OOP spec §5](superpowers/specs/2026-08-01-oop-compiler-vm-design.md).
|